Narberth Castle

Narberth Castle is a charming historical ruin located in the heart of Pembrokeshire, Wales. Overlooking the picturesque countryside, the castle offers visitors a fascinating glimpse into medieval life. Though modest in size compared to other Welsh castles, it is rich in history and legend.

This blog explores Narberth Castle’s history, architecture, notable figures, and the many reasons why it’s worth a visit.

The History of Narberth Castle

Narberth Castle’s history spans centuries, reflecting its role in medieval Wales’s political, military, and cultural transformations. Despite its current ruinous state, the castle holds a significant place in Welsh history, from its Norman origins to its association with legends from the Mabinogion.

Foundation in the 12th Century

Narberth Castle was initially built in the early 12th century as a motte-and-bailey fortification. It was constructed by Norman lords as part of their campaign to consolidate power in Pembrokeshire.

This early wooden structure served as a defensive outpost and a base for managing the surrounding lands. Additionally, it played a key role in the Normans’ efforts to subdue the local Welsh population.

The castle’s location on a hilltop overlooking the surrounding countryside was a strategic choice. It allowed its occupants to monitor and control nearby roads and settlements.

Transition to Stone in the 13th Century

By the late 13th century, Narberth Castle was rebuilt in stone, marking its transformation into a more permanent and formidable structure. The Perrot family, influential Norman landowners in Pembrokeshire, oversaw much of the castle’s development during this period.

Stone construction not only improved the castle’s defenses but also reflected the growing wealth and power of its owners. The new design included a curtain wall, gatehouse, towers, and residential quarters. These additions highlighted the castle’s dual role as a fortress and a lordly residence.

The Glyndŵr Rebellion and Narberth Castle

In the early 15th century, Narberth Castle became embroiled in the Glyndŵr Rebellion. This uprising, led by Owain Glyndŵr, sought to overthrow English rule and restore Welsh independence.

During this period, the castle was attacked by Welsh forces, who targeted it as a symbol of Norman and English dominance. The rebellion caused significant damage to the structure, weakening its defenses and reducing its strategic importance.

Though the rebellion ultimately failed, the attack on Narberth Castle reflected the deep-seated tensions between the native Welsh population and the ruling Norman elite.

Decline in the 16th Century

By the late 16th century, Narberth Castle had fallen into decline. The Perrot family, once its powerful patrons, experienced financial difficulties and political challenges.

Additionally, the castle’s military significance diminished as advances in weaponry and changes in warfare rendered medieval fortifications obsolete.

The castle was gradually abandoned, and its stones were repurposed for local construction projects. This process, known as “robbing,” contributed to the ruinous state seen today.

Association with Welsh Folklore

Narberth Castle is deeply connected to Welsh mythology, particularly the tales of the Mabinogion. It is said to be the home of Pwyll, Prince of Dyfed, one of the central figures in these ancient stories.

According to legend, the castle was the setting for Pwyll’s encounter with Arawn, the King of the Otherworld. This mystical connection adds an enchanting layer to the castle’s history and makes it a significant site in Welsh cultural heritage.

Romantic Rediscovery and Preservation Efforts

In the 18th and 19th centuries, Narberth Castle, like many other medieval ruins, became a subject of interest for artists and writers during the Romantic era. Its picturesque setting and historical associations made it a popular destination for those seeking inspiration from the past.

Local efforts to preserve the castle began in the 20th century. Today, it is managed as a community asset, with initiatives aimed at maintaining its ruins and sharing its history with visitors.

The Architecture of Narberth Castle

Narberth Castle, though largely in ruins, showcases the architectural features of a medieval stone fortress.

The castle’s layout was designed to maximize its defensive capabilities. Thick stone walls surrounded a central courtyard, providing protection against attackers.

It originally featured a gatehouse, towers, and a great hall. These elements reflected its dual role as both a defensive stronghold and a residence for its lords.

Its elevated position on a hill added natural defense, offering views of the surrounding countryside. This strategic location allowed its occupants to monitor and control nearby lands.

While much of the structure has crumbled, visitors can still see parts of the curtain walls and remnants of the towers. Additionally, the castle’s open layout makes it easy to imagine its original grandeur.

Notable People Associated with the Castle

Sir John Perrot (1528–1592)

Sir John Perrot, a prominent figure in Tudor England, is believed to have had ties to Narberth Castle. He was a powerful nobleman and a controversial figure, rumored to be the illegitimate son of King Henry VIII.

Owain Glyndŵr (c. 1359–1415)

Owain Glyndŵr, the leader of the Welsh rebellion against English rule, attacked Narberth Castle during his campaign. His actions symbolized the enduring struggle for Welsh independence.

The Norman Lords

The Norman lords who built and expanded the castle shaped its early history. Their efforts were crucial in establishing control over the region.

Things to Do at Narberth Castle

Narberth Castle offers visitors a mix of history, relaxation, and local charm. Here are some activities to enjoy:

• Explore the Ruins:

  Wander through the remains of the castle and imagine what life was like during its heyday.

• Enjoy the Views:

  The hilltop location provides stunning views of the Pembrokeshire countryside. It’s a great spot for photography.

• Learn Local Legends:

  The castle is linked to Welsh folklore, including stories from the Mabinogion. These tales add a magical layer to your visit.

• Visit Narberth Town:

  Quaint shops, cafes, and art galleries fill the nearby town. Additionally, it’s a hub for local culture.

• Picnic on the Grounds:

  The peaceful setting makes the castle a perfect place to relax and enjoy a picnic with family or friends.

Other Interesting Facts About the Castle

• The castle is associated with the Mabinogion, a collection of Welsh myths. It is supposedly the home of Pwyll, Prince of Dyfed.
• Despite its ruinous state, the castle remains a popular venue for outdoor events and local festivals.
• Its central location in Pembrokeshire makes it a convenient stop for travelers exploring the region.

Narberth Castle may be small compared to Wales’s larger fortresses, but it offers a unique and enchanting experience. Its rich history, ties to Welsh folklore, and stunning location make it a must-visit for history lovers and casual explorers alike.

Whether you’re exploring the ruins, enjoying the countryside views, or diving into local legends, Narberth Castle has something for everyone.